ಾ⻐研 • ACADEMIC RESEARCH 澳大ᑓゆ • 2019 UMAGAZINE 20 59 mutation transmission to the next generation through in vitro fertilisation. With the known cause of genetic mutation, available methods to identify the genetic mutation, and multiple effective prevention and treatment options, BRCA mutation-caused cancers are the most preventable cancers among all cancer types in humans. The story of the American actress Angelina Jolie provides a vivid example of the relationship between BRCA mutation and breast cancer prevention. Studies of BRCA Mutations Recent studies have revealed that BRCA mutation in humans is highly ethnic-specific, that is, different ethnicities have very different mutations in BRCA genes. For example, BRCA mutations in Latin Americans are highly heterogeneous, whereas BRCA mutations in Asians differ substantially from those in Caucasians. Ethnic-specific BRCA mutation is important, as it reflects the genetic basis for the cancer occurring in different ethnic populations, and provides specific mutation targets for precise identification of the mutation carriers for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the cancer in given ethnic populations. However, the BRCA mutation data widely used in clinical applications are mostly derived from Caucasian populations in Europe and North America, which account for only a small portion of the total human population, whereas the data from non-Caucasian ethnicities, which account for 80 per cent of world population, are rare. BRCA Mutation Database Our laboratory has been studying BRCA mutations in the Chinese population. Through comprehensive data analysis, we have collected over 1,000 BRCA mutations from over 30,000 Chinese cancer patients. This is the most comprehensive BRCA mutation data that originated from the Chinese population, and one of the largest from a non-Caucasian population. We have developed an open-access database, Chinese BRCA mutation database, for public use (https://dbBRCA-Chinese. fhs.umac.mo). Through comprehensive comparison with BRCA mutation data from non-Chinese populations around the world, we have determined that 40 per cent of the Chinese BRCA mutations are only present in the Chinese population but not in non-Chinese populations. ⅰ↷ⅰǎՑᕔຂ≷ⅰ⃚् 䢬 ۽ ᑜ⌒⃚् ⅰᑚᧈ䢬۠͞ ૦ᕔᐅⅰ㦞㠴 ݶ ℼዃ ᑝ䢬#3$"⑨ㅊཙ㈭ⅰ⅂⃛ ᒴ̿ 㧙ᆳᕔ⅂⃛ 中ᕍ ͞۽ 㦞㠴ⅰ⅂⃛ ǎ⟜२ଛᮉೌ 㶤ğᕵ⫣ⅰᐃ᳤̠ #3$"⑨ㅊ⦾̒ ⥎⅂ 㦞㠴́ 㟠ⅰ㠙Ёዞϫ̜ ˍ個 ػ ⅰϟಞǎ #3$"ॏ⑪ㅌⅲ⊝② ᑓ㏧ⅰ研⻠ᒛ䢬̿ 㧙ⅰ#3$"् ⑨ ㅊՑᕔ㭗ༀⅰᑪḿ₠လ䢬 ګ ˗ ܒ ᑪ̿ ⟮ॺ#3$"् ⅰ⑨ㅊ㤔ຯ˗ ܒ ǎϟ 䢬ሚˎ⟜ᨓ̿ ⟮ⅰ#3$"⑨ㅊ㭗ༀ₠ ㇰ䢬̭ ᨓ̿ ⟮ⅰ#3$"⑨ㅊ⦾㭗؝♘̿ ⅰ#3$"⑨ㅊ㧧⮍˗ ܒ ǎᑪḿ₠လ⑨ ㅊ́ᆳ͞㤔ຯ㕳⾾䢬ᒴ᳤् ೇۣᒨ̜˗ ܒ ᑪ̿ ⟮中發⅂⃛ ⅰ㑤ҵ⍓䢬˧ ˜ዞϫ̜ ḿⅰ⑨ㅊ↷ឱᑜ㞗⑨ㅊ Ꮲອ⡃䢬ྷ ⡈㑅ഭḿᑪ⟮㭓☃⌒ 㦞㠴Ǎ〹ᑘ ݶ ℼⅰ↷ⅰǎᴿ⡈䢬↷ נ ༴ᑜ⦦ⅰ#3$"⑨ㅊᐨᎭ˷⾾Ϛ ⦨ᑜӄέ̿ ۲ˍയ㒲֯ ⅰᢚᨓ ݶ ٩⟜ᨓ ⅰ㭗؝♘̿ ⟮䢬⡈Ϛ⦨ᑜέ˞₅̿ ۲ 0 䢥ⅰ㤔㭗؝♘̿̿ ⟮ⅰᐨᎭ ྩڱ റǎ #3$"⑪ㅌᐪᎯ༆ ᆒмഭ中२̿ ⟮㐫⻋̜ 全㤘☲⚕ⅰ֯ ᖾ͞ ≋⿼中२̿ ⟮中#3$"⑨ㅊṶᦵǎᆒ мྷ ᬚ⦨ 0 000૦ ܓ 中२⅂⃛ၴ ⡃中 ᏹ㢡㈷㐿1 000個ᆳਸമⅰ#3$"⑨ ㅊǎ㐛ᒴ↷ נ ᬚ⦨中२̿ ⟮ᕍ全㤘ⅰ䢬̏ ᒴϚ⦨㤔㭗؝♘̿ ⟮ᕍ大ⅰ#3$"ᐨ Ꭽǎᆒм˧ധᢪᐨᎭ㟘發᳤ ˍ個㟘ᐨ Ꭽ༄䢬中२̿ ⟮#3$"⑨ㅊᐨᎭ༄䢬ϫ Պ⇶ϓ䢨IUUpT //EC#3$" $IineTe GIT umBD mP䢩ǎ㐜㐿⦾㤔中२̿ ⟮ #3$"⑨ㅊᐨᎭⅰ全㤘㍦䢬ᆒм⌒ 0䢥ⅰ中२̿ ⟮#3$"⑨ㅊӄಥॺᑜ中 २̿ ⟮中ǎ
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